Eruca sativa

Arugula, also known as Eruca sativa, is a leafy green vegetable with a distinctive peppery flavor. It is an annual plant belonging to the Brassicaceae family, which also includes other cruciferous vegetables like kale, broccoli, and mustard greens. Arugula is native to the Mediterranean region and has been cultivated for thousands of years. In Hebrew, it is known as רוקול (rukol). Other relevant translations include roquette in French, rucola in Italian, and eruca in Spanish. This versatile green is commonly used in salads, sandwiches, and as a garnish, adding a robust, slightly spicy taste. Arugula is rich in vitamins and minerals, particularly vitamins A, C, and K, as well as calcium and potassium. It is often harvested young, when the leaves are tender and the flavor is most intense. The plant grows quickly and can be cultivated in a variety of climates, making it a popular choice for home gardens and commercial farms alike.